Solar Panel Calculator

How many panels do you need? What will it cost — including inverter and battery? What's your payback period? Find out in 60 seconds.

☀️ Free Solar System Estimator

Based on 2026 US solar costs, state electricity rates, and real peak sun hour data

Step 1 — Your Electricity Usage

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Step 2 — System Preferences

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Include battery backup system

☀️ Your Estimated Solar System

Full Cost Breakdown

Savings & Environmental Impact

Next Step: Use these numbers as a starting point when requesting quotes from licensed solar installers. Always get 3+ quotes — prices can vary 20–30% between installers for the same system.

How Many Solar Panels Do You Actually Need?

The number of solar panels you need depends on three things: how much electricity you use, how much sun your location gets, and how large the panels are. Our calculator handles all of this automatically.

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The Formula: System size (kW) = Annual kWh ÷ (Peak Sun Hours × 365 × 0.85 efficiency). Then: Panels = System kW × 1000 ÷ Panel Watts

Monthly kWh → Annual Energy Needed

We convert your monthly bill to kWh using your state's 2026 electricity rate. The US average is 903 kWh/month at 18.05¢/kWh ($163/month). Your state's rate may be higher or lower.

Peak Sun Hours by State

Arizona and Nevada get 6.5 peak sun hours per day — meaning panels produce far more power than in Washington (3.5 hrs). Fewer sun hours = more panels needed for the same output.

Panel Count Calculation

Most modern solar panels are rated at 430W. We divide your system size (in watts) by the panel wattage to get the minimum number of panels — always rounding up to the next full panel.

What About Inverters and Batteries?

Every solar system needs an inverter to convert DC power from panels to AC power for your home. Grid-tied inverters cost $1,200–$2,500 for typical home systems. Batteries are optional — they store excess solar energy for nighttime use or outages, and cost $9,000–$18,000 per unit installed.

Frequently Asked Questions

How accurate is this solar calculator? +
Our calculator uses 2026 average installed costs ($2.85/W), real NREL peak sun hour data by state, and 430W panel ratings — the most common size in 2026. Results are estimates within ±15–25% of real quotes. For a precise number, get 3 quotes from licensed installers.
Is there a federal solar tax credit in 2026? +
The federal 30% Investment Tax Credit (ITC) expired at the end of 2025 and was not renewed. However, many states have their own solar incentives — check your state's energy office for current programs. Our estimates show pre-incentive costs.
Do I need a battery with my solar system? +
No — most US homeowners install grid-tied solar without batteries. Without batteries, excess solar power is sent to the grid (net metering), reducing your bill. Batteries make sense if you want backup power during outages, live in an area with time-of-use rates, or want to go partially off-grid.
Why does sun hours per state matter so much? +
Peak sun hours directly affect how much electricity your panels produce per day. A 10kW system in Arizona (6.5 hrs) produces ~63% more electricity than the same system in Washington (3.5 hrs). This is why a homeowner in Arizona needs fewer panels than one in Seattle for the same output.
What size inverter do I need? +
Your inverter should match or slightly exceed your system's DC output in kW. Most residential systems use string inverters (one central unit) for systems under 10kW, or microinverters (one per panel) for systems with shading or complex roof layouts. Microinverters cost 20–30% more but perform better in real-world conditions.

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